Celestia is a modular blockchain network that offers a pluggable, out-of-the-box data availability layer solution that allows web3 developers to plug and play the DA layer into their existing network ecosystem. Data availability sampling (DAS) and Namespaced Merkle trees (NMTs) are the two novel mechanisms that Celestia’s DA layer adopts. DAS enables light nodes for verification of data availability without the need for downloading entire blocks. Whereas NMTs enable settlement and execution layer on Celestia, allwong nodes to download only the transactions which seem relevant to them. With all these unique features, Celestia’s DA layer claims to reduce transaction fees by more than 100x for end users. Prominent rollup ecosystems like Polygon CDK, Arbitrum Orbit, OP Stack, and Starkware are now natively supported in Celestia.